The Mediterranean Killifish Aphanius fasciatus (Valenciennes, 1821) (Teleostei: Cyprinodontidae) as a Sentinel Species for Protection of the Quality of Transitional Water Environments: Literature, Insights, and Perspectives

Transitional waters are fragile ecosystems with high ecological values, representing the breeding and resting sites for rare threatened species. They warrant particular attention in regards to protection, as they experience numerous anthropogenic threats. The present review aims analyze recent literature on Aphanius fasciatus, currently considered one of most strictly estuarine-dependent fish species, thus affected by degradation lagoon habitats, discuss its suitability a sentinel species protection quality transitional water environments. analysis discussion highlight potential applicability molecular, cellular, physiological responses this diagnostic tools detecting subtle effects induced environmental pollution biota Moreover, is suggested wider framework One Health perspective, which considers human animal health state be highly interconnected, sharing common aspects. To date, omics technologies show great reacquiring novel knowledge organisms changes alterations status. Therefore, considering relevant organism many efforts required near future improve quantity that refer A. fasciatus.